In Bangladesh, the food safety and quality control framework consists of Laws, Regulations & Standards, Administration & Inspection and Laboratory analytical services. Agriculture is the largest sector in Bangladesh economy. Its combined contribution (crops, forestry, fisheries, livestocks etc.) to the country's GDP and employment is more than one third and two third respectively. The food laws and regulations reflect this although major weaknesses within the legal framework still exist.

Bangladesh is yet to develop a unified Food Safety Administration System and to formulate a Food Safety Policy. But it has a National Food and Nutrition Policy where attention has been given on food safety. There are significant activities in food safety and quality control are going on in the country. A number of Ministries, Departments and Agencies are involved in these activities with a major responsibility of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) which has a unique infrastructure to deliver its services throughout the country.

The Bangladesh Import Policy 2009-2012 has made radiation test mandatory in the import of all kinds of food items. The subsection 9 of section 15 of the import policy said that the customs authority of the government will release food items only after getting test result from the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission.