The Department of Health (DOH) is the statutory body responsible for the management of food safety in Taiwan. Food products must comply with the "Law Governing Food Sanitation" together with its enforcement rules and a series of food standards promulgated by DOH. The term "foods" as used in this law refers to goods provided to people for eating, drinking or chewing and their raw materials. DOH commissions the Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection (BSMI) of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) to conduct food safety quality inspection on imports at the port of entry.

On January 1, 2010 the DOH established the Food & Drug Administration which consolidates the Bureau of Food Safety, the Bureau of Pharmaceutical Affairs, the Bureau of Food and Drug Analysis and the Bureau of Controlled Drugs into one agency. The Council of Agriculture (COA) is the statutory body responsible for animal and plant quarantine.